.png)
This work revisits Oliver Heaviside’s interpretation of electricity within modern electromagnetic
theory, presenting electrical energy transport as a fundamentally wave-based phenomenon. Electrical energy
is transmitted primarily as electromagnetic fields propagating through the dielectric medium surrounding the
conductors; the motion of charges within the conductors plays a secondary, dissipative role. Building on
transmission line theory, Maxwell’s equations, and Poynting’s theorem, the paper introduces the concepts of
supracurrent and infracurrent to distinguish field-mediated energy flux from dissipative material response. The
telegrapher’s equations are then interpreted as a macroscopic description of propagation and loss in real transmission
lines.
.png)
